Izikhonkwane zocingo lukakhonkolo, ezaziwa nangokuthi izinzipho zikasimende, ziyizinzipho eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukubophela izinto ezisetshenziswayo kukhonkolo, izitini, noma endaweni ewubukhazikhazi. Lezi zinzipho ngokuvamile zenziwe ngocingo lwensimbi oluqinile futhi zinamacebiso abukhali angena kalula ezintweni eziqinile. Izipikili zocingo lukakhonkolo zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zokwakha nezokubaza, okuhlanganisa:
1. Namathisela ifreyimu yokhuni noma yensimbi endaweni ekhonkolo noma eyenziwe ngamatshe.
2. Vikela amabhokisi kagesi, i-conduit tape, nemishini yokufaka amapayipi ezindongeni zikasimende noma phansi.
3. Faka ama-backing strips ukuze uvikele ama- finishes afana ne-drywall noma i-paneling kukhonkolo noma i-masonry.
4. Ukuqiniswa kwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokuthulula ukhonkolo ukwakhiwa kwe-formwork.
Uma usebenzisa izipikili zocingo lukakhonkolo, kubalulekile ukubhoboza ngaphambili izimbobo zokushayela kukhonkolo noma kumatshe ukuze uvimbele izinzipho zocingo ukuthi zingagobi noma ziphuke ngesikhathi sokufakwa. Ukwengeza, ukukhetha usayizi wezinzipho ezifanele kanye nohlobo lohlelo oluthile kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe okunamathiselwe okuphephile nokuvikelekile.
Kunezinhlobo eziphelele zezinzipho zensimbi zikakhonkolo, okuhlanganisa izinzipho zikakhonkolo ezikhandwe ngothayela, izinzipho zikakhonkolo ezinombala, izinzipho zikakhonkolo ezimnyama, izinzipho zikakhonkolo eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezinamakhanda ahlukahlukene ezinzipho akhethekile kanye nezinhlobo ze-shank. Izinhlobo ze-shank zifaka i-shank ebushelelezi, i-twilled shank yobulukhuni obuhlukahlukene be-substrate. Ngezici ezingenhla, izinzipho zikakhonkolo zinikeza ukubhoboza okuhle kakhulu namandla okulungisa kumasayithi aqinile naqinile.
Izinzipho zikakhonkolo zensimbi zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zokwakha kanye nokubaza. Okunye okujwayelekile okusetshenziselwa izikhonkwane zensimbi kufaka:
1. Ukufaka amafreyimu: Izinzipho zikakhonkolo zensimbi zisetshenziselwa ukubophela amalungu ohlaka lwepulangwe endaweni ekhonkolo noma yamatshe, njengokunamathisela amabhodi aphansi osimende noma izigxobo zodonga ezindongeni zamatshe.
2. I-Formwork: Ekwakhiweni kwe-formwork yekhonkrithi, izipikili zekhonkrithi zensimbi zisetshenziselwa ukulungisa i-formwork kanye namapaneli kuhlaka lukakhonkolo, ukunikeza ukusekelwa kwesikhashana ngesikhathi sokuthulula ukhonkolo kanye nenqubo yokuqinisa.
3. Imichilo yokusekela: Izinzipho zikakhonkolo zensimbi zisetshenziselwa ukuvikela izintambo zokusekela ukhonkolo noma izindonga zamatshe, ezihlinzeka ngohlaka lokunamathisela okuqediwe okufana ne-drywall noma i-paneling.
4. Ugesi namapayipi: Izinzipho zikakhonkolo zensimbi zingasetshenziswa ukuze kuqiniswe amabhokisi kagesi, itheyiphu yepayipi lepayipi kanye nemishini yokufaka amapayipi endaweni kakhonkolo noma eyakhiwe ngamatshe.
5. Ukulungisa Okujwayelekile: Izinzipho zikakhonkolo zensimbi nazo zisetshenziselwa ukukhanda okuvamile kanye nemisebenzi yokulungisa, njengabakaki bensimbi ababophayo, iziphanyeko, noma enye ihadiwe kukhonkolo noma kumatshe.
Uma usebenzisa izipikili zensimbi ngokhonkolo, kubalulekile ukukhetha usayizi we-nail ofanelekile kanye nohlobo lwesicelo esithile futhi ulandele amasu okufaka afanele ukuze uqinisekise ukulungiswa okuphephile nokuvikelekile endaweni ekhonkolo noma ye-masonry.
Qeda Qeda
Izinto zokubopha ezikhanyayo azinakho okokuvikela ukuvikela insimbi futhi zisengozini yokugqwala uma zivezwe kumswakama ophezulu noma emanzini. Azinconywa ukuthi zisetshenziswe ngaphandle noma ezingodweni ezilashwayo, futhi ezisetshenziswa ngaphakathi kuphela lapho kungekho kuvikela ukugqwala okudingekayo. Ama-fasteners akhanyayo avame ukusetshenziselwa uhlaka lwangaphakathi, ukunquma nokuqeda izinhlelo zokusebenza.
I-Hot Dip Galvanized (HDG)
Izibophelelo zamadiphu ezishisayo zimbozwa ngongqimba lweZinc ukusiza ukuvikela insimbi ekugqwale. Nakuba izinsimbi ezifakwa ediphini ezishisayo zizogqwala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba okokunamathela kugqoka, ngokuvamile zilungele ukuphila konke kwesicelo. Izibophelelo ezishisayo ze-dip galvanized ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle lapho isibophelelo sichayeka ezimweni zezulu zansuku zonke njengemvula neqhwa. Izindawo eziseduze nogu lapho okuqukethwe kukasawoti emanzini emvula kuphezulu kakhulu, kufanele kucabangele izibophelelo Zensimbi Engagqwali njengoba usawoti usheshisa ukuwohloka kokuqina futhi uzosheshisa ukugqwala.
I-Electro Galvanized (EG)
Izibophelelo ze-Electro Galvanized zinongqimba oluncane lwe-Zinc olunikeza ukuvikela ukugqwala. Ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa ezindaweni lapho kudingeka ukuvikelwa okuncane kokugqwala okufana nezindlu zangasese, amakhishi nezinye izindawo ezingenwa amanzi noma umswakama. Izinzipho zophahla ziyi-electro galvanized ngoba ngokuvamile zishintshwa ngaphambi kokuba isibambiso siqale ukuguga futhi azivezwanga esimweni sezulu esibi uma sifakwe kahle. Izindawo eziseduze nogu lapho okuqukethwe kukasawoti emanzini emvula kuphakeme kufanele kucabangele isibophelelo se-Hot Dip Galvanized noma Stainless Steel.
Insimbi engagqwali (SS)
Izibophelelo zensimbi engagqwali zinikeza ukuvikelwa kokugqwala okungcono kakhulu okutholakalayo. Insimbi ingase i-oxidize noma igxume ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kodwa ayisoze yalahlekelwa amandla ayo ngenxa yokugqwala. Izibophelelo Zensimbi Engagqwali zingasetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zangaphandle noma zangaphakathi futhi ngokuvamile ziza ngensimbi engu-304 noma engu-316.